-
1 alteration
[ˌɔːltə'reɪʃn] 1.1) (act) (of building, law) (il) modificare; (of document, process) (l')alterare; (of timetable, route) (il) cambiare2) (result) (to law) modifica f. (to di, a); (to document) alterazione f., falsificazione f. (to di); (to timetable, route) cambiamento m. (to di)3) sart. ritocco m.; (radical) modifica f.2.nome plurale alterations (to building) (result) modifiche f.; (process) lavori m.* * *noun The alterations he has made to the play have not improved it.) modifica, cambiamento* * *alteration /ɔ:ltəˈreɪʃn/n. [uc]1 cambiamento; modifica3 (fin.) aggiustamento4 (edil.) modifica; ristrutturazioneFALSI AMICI: alteration non significa alterazione alterativea.alterativo.* * *[ˌɔːltə'reɪʃn] 1.1) (act) (of building, law) (il) modificare; (of document, process) (l')alterare; (of timetable, route) (il) cambiare2) (result) (to law) modifica f. (to di, a); (to document) alterazione f., falsificazione f. (to di); (to timetable, route) cambiamento m. (to di)3) sart. ritocco m.; (radical) modifica f.2.nome plurale alterations (to building) (result) modifiche f.; (process) lavori m. -
2 decay
I [dɪ'keɪ]1) (rot) (of timber, vegetation) decomposizione f.; (of area, house) decadimento m., rovina f.2) med. carie f.3) fig. (of society, industry) declino m.; (of civilization) decadenza f.II 1. [dɪ'keɪ] 2.1) (rot) [timber, vegetation, food] decomporsi, marcire; [ corpse] decomporsi, putrefarsi; [ tooth] cariarsi2) (disintegrate) [ building] andare in rovina* * *[di'kei] 1. verb(to (cause to) become rotten or ruined: Sugar makes your teeth decay.) deteriorare; cariarsi2. noun(the act or process of decaying: tooth decay; in a state of decay.) decadimento; carie* * *decay /dɪˈkeɪ/n. [u]2 marciume; putredine: The timbers were full of decay, il legname era mezzo marcio; (med.) ( tooth o dental) decay, carie (dentaria)4 (fig.) decadenza; declino: moral decay, decadenza morale; social decay, degrado sociale; the decay of civil society [of capitalism], il declino della società civile [del capitalismo]; All civilizations eventually fall into decay, tutte le civiltà alla fine entrano in declino5 (fis. nucl.) disintegrazione ( di sostanze radioattive); decadimento: radioactive decay, decadimento radioattivo; decay constant, costante di decadimento(to) decay /dɪˈkeɪ/A v. i.1 decomporsi, marcire: the decaying process, il processo di decomposizione; Bamboo has the disadvantage of decaying fast in wet conditions, il bambù ha l'inconveniente di marcire in fretta in condizioni di umidità2 andare in rovina, degradarsi: Long neglected historic buildings are decaying visibly, gli edifici storici, trascurati a lungo, si stanno visibilmente degradando3 (med.) cariarsi: My teeth are starting to decay, i miei denti cominciano a cariarsi; a decayed tooth, un dente cariato5 (fis. nucl.) decadere; disintegrarsiB v. t.1 far marcire; far imputridire* * *I [dɪ'keɪ]1) (rot) (of timber, vegetation) decomposizione f.; (of area, house) decadimento m., rovina f.2) med. carie f.3) fig. (of society, industry) declino m.; (of civilization) decadenza f.II 1. [dɪ'keɪ] 2.1) (rot) [timber, vegetation, food] decomporsi, marcire; [ corpse] decomporsi, putrefarsi; [ tooth] cariarsi2) (disintegrate) [ building] andare in rovina -
3 preservation
[ˌprezə'veɪʃn]nome (of building) conservazione f., preservazione f.; (of peace) mantenimento m.; (of food) conservazione f.; (of wildife, dignity, tradition) salvaguardia f.; (of life) salvaguardia f., protezione f.* * *[pre-]noun (the action of preserving or the state or process of being preserved.) conservazione* * *preservation /prɛzəˈveɪʃn/n. [u]2 protezione; difesa; salvaguardia; tutela● (fin.) the preservation of capital, la conservazione del capitale □ the preservation of peace, il mantenimento della pace □ preservation order, ordinanza di conservazione ( di un monumento, ecc.); dichiarazione di «monumento nazionale».* * *[ˌprezə'veɪʃn]nome (of building) conservazione f., preservazione f.; (of peace) mantenimento m.; (of food) conservazione f.; (of wildife, dignity, tradition) salvaguardia f.; (of life) salvaguardia f., protezione f. -
4 stand *****
[stænd] stood vb: pt, pp1. n1) (booth) chiosco, (market stall) banco, bancarella, (at exhibition, fair) stand m inv, (raised area), (also: bandstand) palco, Sport tribuna, Am Law, (also: witness stand) banco3) (also: taxi stand) posteggio di taxi2. vt1) (place) mettere, porre2) (withstand, bear: weight) reggere a, resistere, sopportare3) (tolerate) sopportare4)(
fam: treat) to stand sb a drink/meal — offrire da bere/un pranzo a qn5)to stand guard or watch Mil — essere di guardia or sentinellato stand guard over Mil fig — fare la guardia a
3. vithey kept us standing about or around for ages — ci hanno fatto aspettare in piedi per ore
that was all that stood between him and... — era tutto ciò che si frapponeva fra lui e...
to be left standing — (building) essere rimasto (-a) in piedi, (fig: competitor) essere bruciato (-a) in partenza
to stand on one's head/hands — fare la verticale in appoggio/la verticale
2)3) (be situated: building, tree) trovarsi, stare4) Culinto leave to stand — (tea) lasciare in infusione, (batter) (lasciar) riposare
it stands to reason that... — è logico che...
5) (fig: be placed) starethe peace process as it stands violates human rights — il processo di pace così com'è viola i diritti umani
to stand at — (thermometer, clock) indicare, segnare, (offer, price, sales) ammontare a, (score) essere
6) Pol7) Naut•- stand by- stand in- stand to- stand up -
5 change
I [tʃeɪndʒ]1) (alteration) cambiamento m.a change for the better, worse — un cambiamento in meglio, peggio
to make changes in — fare (dei) cambiamenti in [text, room]
2) (substitution) cambio m., cambiamento m.change of government — pol. cambio di governo
3) (different experience) cambiamento m.it makes o is a change from staying at home è qualcosa di diverso dal rimanere sempre a casa; to make a change per cambiare un po'; that makes a nice o refreshing change è un bel cambiamento; to need a change of air fig. avere bisogno di cambiare aria; for a change per cambiare; the train was late, for a change — iron. tanto per cambiare, il treno era in ritardo
4) (of clothes) cambio m.5) (cash) moneta f., resto m."no change given" — (on machine) "non dà resto"
"exact change please" — (on bus) "preparare denaro contato, per favore"
you won't get much change out of Ј 20 — colloq. non avanzi molto da 20 sterline
II 1. [tʃeɪndʒ]to ring the changes — suonare il cambio d'ora; fig. introdurre dei cambiamenti
1) (alter) cambiareto change sb.'s mind — fare cambiare idea a qcn.
2) (exchange for sth. different) cambiare [clothes, name, car]if it's too big, we'll change it for you — se è troppo grande, glielo cambiamo
to change sth. from X to Y — (of numbers, letters, words) sostituire X con Y; (of building, area) trasformare X in Y
3) (replace) cambiare [bulb, linen, wheel]4) (exchange with sb.) scambiare [clothes, seats]to change places — cambiare di posto ( with con); fig. invertire i ruoli
5) (actively switch) cambiare [side, job, direction, TV channel, doctor]to change sb., sth. into — trasformare qcn., qcs. in [frog, prince]
7) (replace nappy of) cambiare [ baby]8) econ. cambiare [cheque, currency] (into, for in)2.1) (alter) cambiare2) (into different clothes) cambiarsito change into — infilarsi, mettersi [ different garment]
to change out of — togliersi [ garment]
3) (from bus, train) cambiare"change at Bologna for Bari" — "coincidenza a Bologna per Bari"
4) (become transformed) trasformarsi•* * *[ ein‹] 1. verb1) (to make or become different: They have changed the time of the train; He has changed since I saw him last.) cambiare2) (to give or leave (one thing etc for another): She changed my library books for me.) scambiare3) ((sometimes with into) to remove (clothes etc) and replace them by clean or different ones: I'm just going to change (my shirt); I'll change into an old pair of trousers.) cambiarsi; sostituire4) ((with into) to make into or become (something different): The prince was changed into a frog.) mutare, trasformare5) (to give or receive (one kind of money for another): Could you change this bank-note for cash?) cambiare2. noun1) (the process of becoming or making different: The town is undergoing change.) cambiamento2) (an instance of this: a change in the programme.) cambiamento3) (a substitution of one thing for another: a change of clothes.) cambio4) (coins rather than paper money: I'll have to give you a note - I have no change.) spiccioli5) (money left over or given back from the amount given in payment: He paid with a dollar and got 20 cents change.) resto6) (a holiday, rest etc: He has been ill - the change will do him good.) cambiamento•- change hands
- a change of heart
- the change of life
- change one's mind
- for a change* * *I [tʃeɪndʒ]1) (alteration) cambiamento m.a change for the better, worse — un cambiamento in meglio, peggio
to make changes in — fare (dei) cambiamenti in [text, room]
2) (substitution) cambio m., cambiamento m.change of government — pol. cambio di governo
3) (different experience) cambiamento m.it makes o is a change from staying at home è qualcosa di diverso dal rimanere sempre a casa; to make a change per cambiare un po'; that makes a nice o refreshing change è un bel cambiamento; to need a change of air fig. avere bisogno di cambiare aria; for a change per cambiare; the train was late, for a change — iron. tanto per cambiare, il treno era in ritardo
4) (of clothes) cambio m.5) (cash) moneta f., resto m."no change given" — (on machine) "non dà resto"
"exact change please" — (on bus) "preparare denaro contato, per favore"
you won't get much change out of Ј 20 — colloq. non avanzi molto da 20 sterline
II 1. [tʃeɪndʒ]to ring the changes — suonare il cambio d'ora; fig. introdurre dei cambiamenti
1) (alter) cambiareto change sb.'s mind — fare cambiare idea a qcn.
2) (exchange for sth. different) cambiare [clothes, name, car]if it's too big, we'll change it for you — se è troppo grande, glielo cambiamo
to change sth. from X to Y — (of numbers, letters, words) sostituire X con Y; (of building, area) trasformare X in Y
3) (replace) cambiare [bulb, linen, wheel]4) (exchange with sb.) scambiare [clothes, seats]to change places — cambiare di posto ( with con); fig. invertire i ruoli
5) (actively switch) cambiare [side, job, direction, TV channel, doctor]to change sb., sth. into — trasformare qcn., qcs. in [frog, prince]
7) (replace nappy of) cambiare [ baby]8) econ. cambiare [cheque, currency] (into, for in)2.1) (alter) cambiare2) (into different clothes) cambiarsito change into — infilarsi, mettersi [ different garment]
to change out of — togliersi [ garment]
3) (from bus, train) cambiare"change at Bologna for Bari" — "coincidenza a Bologna per Bari"
4) (become transformed) trasformarsi• -
6 destruction
[dɪ'strʌkʃn]nome (of building, landscape, evidence) distruzione f.; (of hopes, career) distruzione f., rovina f.; (of enemy, population) annientamento m.* * *1) (the act or process of destroying or being destroyed: the destruction of the city.) distruzione2) (the state of being destroyed; ruin: a scene of destruction.) distruzione•- destructively
- destructiveness* * *[dɪ'strʌkʃn]nome (of building, landscape, evidence) distruzione f.; (of hopes, career) distruzione f., rovina f.; (of enemy, population) annientamento m. -
7 labour
['leɪbə(r)] 1.nome proprio + verbo pl. partito m. laburista2.aggettivo [supporter, view, manifesto] del partito laburista, laburista; [MP, vote] laburista* * *['leibə] 1. noun1) (hard work: The building of the cathedral involved considerable labour over two centuries; People engaged in manual labour are often badly paid.) lavoro2) (workmen on a job: The firm is having difficulty hiring labour.) manodopera3) ((in a pregnant woman etc) the process of childbirth: She was in labour for several hours before the baby was born.) travaglio4) (used (with capital) as a name for the Socialist party in the United Kingdom.) partito laburista, laburisti2. verb1) (to be employed to do hard and unskilled work: He spends the summer labouring on a building site.) lavorare2) (to move or work etc slowly or with difficulty: They laboured through the deep undergrowth in the jungle; the car engine labours a bit on steep hills.) avanzare faticosamente, arrancare•- laboriously
- laboriousness
- labourer
- labour court
- labour dispute
- labour-saving* * *['leɪbə(r)] 1.nome proprio + verbo pl. partito m. laburista2.aggettivo [supporter, view, manifesto] del partito laburista, laburista; [MP, vote] laburista -
8 union
['juːnɪən] 1.1) (anche trade union) unione f. sindacale, sindacato m.2) pol. associazione f., unione f.3) (uniting) unione f.; (marriage) unione f., matrimonio m.4) (anche student union) BE univ. (building) casa f. dello studente; (organization) unione f. studentesca2. 3.* * *['ju:njən]1) (the act of uniting or process of being united: Union between the two countries would be impossible.) unione2) (the state of being united, eg in marriage, friendship etc: Their marriage was a perfect union.) unione3) (a club or association: The European Union.) unione•* * *['juːnɪən] 1.1) (anche trade union) unione f. sindacale, sindacato m.2) pol. associazione f., unione f.3) (uniting) unione f.; (marriage) unione f., matrimonio m.4) (anche student union) BE univ. (building) casa f. dello studente; (organization) unione f. studentesca2. 3. -
9 stoppage
['stɒpɪdʒ]1) ind. (strike) interruzione f. del lavoro, sciopero m.2) BE (deduction from wages) trattenuta f., ritenuta f.* * *[-pi‹]noun ((an) act of stopping or state or process of being stopped: The building was at last completed after many delays and stoppages.) interruzione* * *stoppage /ˈstɒpɪdʒ/n.2 impedimento; ostacolo; ostruzione; intasatura: the stoppage of a pipe, l'ostruzione di una tubazione4 (econ.) sciopero; interruzione del lavoro5 (leg.) fermo: stoppage in transit, fermo durante il viaggio ( della merce: da parte del venditore, se l'acquirente è insolvibile)● (comm.) stoppage dues, diritti di giacenza ( della merce) □ (mil.) stoppage of leave, consegna □ (fisc.) stoppage at source, esazione alla fonte □ stoppage of pay, sospensione dallo stipendio □ ( calcio, ecc.) stoppage time, recupero; zona (o minuti) di recupero.* * *['stɒpɪdʒ]1) ind. (strike) interruzione f. del lavoro, sciopero m.2) BE (deduction from wages) trattenuta f., ritenuta f. -
10 ♦ three
♦ three /ɵri:/a. e n.1 tre: three books, tre libri; the three of diamonds, il tre di quadri; (mat.) the rule of three, la regola del tre; three quarters (o fourths) tre quarti; Three is my lucky number, il tre è il mio numero fortunato; There are three of them, sono in tre; Three out of four restaurants fail within a year, tre ristoranti su quattro falliscono entro un anno; a three-month ban, una squalifica di tre mesi2 tre ( anni d'età): His son is three, suo figlio ha tre anni; a three-year-old, un bambino (o una bambina) di tre anni● three-act play, commedia in tre atti □ ( golf) three-ball match, partita a tre palle □ ( baseball) three-base hit, triplo (sost. m.) □ a three-bottle man, un gran bevitore □ the three C's, le tre C; automobile, televisore a colori e aria condizionata ( cioè: car, colour TV, air conditioning) □ the three-card trick, il gioco delle tre carte □ (archit.) three-centred arch, arco a tre centri □ ( arti grafiche) three-colour process, tricromia □ three-cornered contest (o fight), competizione a tre; scontro elettorale fra tre candidati □ three-cornered hat, tricorno □ (equit.) three-day event, completo; gara dei tre giorni ( dressage, campestre e ostacoli) □ (econ.) three-day week, settimana lavorativa di tre giorni □ ( USA) three-day weekend, fine settimana lungo; ponte (fig.) □ three-decker, (stor.) nave a tre ponti; (fam.) qualsiasi cosa a tre piani (o strati); romanzo in tre volumi; ( anche three-decker sandwich) doppio sandwich, tramezzino doppio □ (scient., tecn.) three-dimensional, tridimensionale □ three-figure number, numero di tre cifre □ (di gioco di carte) three-handed, che si gioca in tre □ (relig.) Three in One, la Santissima Trinità □ (autom.) a three-lane highway, una strada a tre corsie □ ( sport) the three leading drivers ( riders, runners), il terzetto di testa (di piloti, di ciclisti, di podisti) □ a three-legged race, una corsa a tre gambe ( a coppie di corridori, la gamba destra di uno dei quali è legata alla gamba sinistra dell'altro) □ a three-legged table, un tavolino a tre gambe □ (GB) three-line whip, (polit.) richiesta scritta a un parlamentare ( da parte dei leader di partito) di presenziare a una seduta e votare in un certo modo; (fig.) invito pressante NOTE DI CULTURA: La locuzione three-line whip allude alla triplice sottolineatura, sulla circolare preparata dal ► «whip» (def. 4) per i deputati del suo partito, delle sedute a cui è obbligatoria la presenza □ (psic., USA) three o'clock syndrome, sindrome delle tre del pomeriggio □ ( poker) three of a kind, tris □ ( USA, spec. sport) three-peat, terza vittoria consecutiva □ (elettr.) three-phase, trifase □ three-piece, a tre pezzi: three-piece suite, salotto a tre pezzi ( sofà e due poltrone uguali) □ (elettr.) three-pin plug, presa tripolare □ three-ply, a tre strati; a tre capi; a tre fili: three-ply wood, compensato a tre strati; three-ply wool, lana a tre capi □ ( basket) three-point basket (o three-pointer), canestro da tre punti; canestro pesante □ (aeron.) a three-point landing, un atterraggio su tre punti; un atterraggio perfetto □ three-point turn, (autom.) inversione di marcia fatta in tre manovre; (fig.) manovra difficile □ three-pronged, a tre rebbi; triforcuto; (fig.) triplice, su tre fronti, su tre direttrici □ ( rugby) three-quarter, trequarti □ a three-quarter bed, un letto a una piazza e mezzo □ ( moda) three-quarter ( length) coat, giacca trequarti □ a three-quarter portrait, un ritratto di tre quarti □ the three R's, le tre R; leggere, scrivere e far di conto ( cioè: ‘reading, writing and /a/rithmetic’) □ three-ring circus, circo con tre arene; (fig. USA) posto incasinato, pieno di confusione □ ( basket) three-second area, zona dei tre secondi □ three-sided, trilaterale □ (fam.) a three-sixty, un giro di trecentosessanta gradi; una piroetta □ (mecc.) three-speed gear, cambio a tre velocità □ a three-star hotel, un albergo a tre stelle □ (edil.) a three-storeyed building, un edificio a tre piani □ ( atletica) the 3,000-metre steeplechase, i tremila siepi □ three times three, (mat.) tre per tre; ( anche) tre salve di applausi di tre evviva ciascuna □ three-wheeler, veicolo a tre ruote; triciclo □ three-wheeler truck, motofurgone; motocarro □ three-year-old, a. di tre anni; che ha tre anni; n. bambino (o bambina) di tre anni; (ipp.) cavallo di tre anni. -
11 facelift
1) (an operation to smooth and firm the face: She has had a facelift.) lifting2) (a process intended to make a building etc look better: This village will be given a facelift.) restauro, rifacimento -
12 institution
[ˌɪnstɪ'tjuːʃn] [AE -'tuːʃn]1) amm. pol. istituzione f.she has become a national institution — scherz. è diventata un'istituzione nazionale
2) (home, hospital) istituto m.; (old people's home) casa f. di riposo, ospizio m.; (mental hospital) ospedale m. psichiatrico3) (establishment) (of rule, body, prize) istituzione f.institution of legal proceedings — dir. apertura di una procedura legale
4) AE (organization) istituto m.* * *1) (the act of instituting or process of being instituted.) istituzione2) ((the building used by) an organization etc founded for a particular purpose, especially care of people, or education: schools, hospitals, prisons and other institutions.) istituzione, istituto* * *[ˌɪnstɪ'tjuːʃn] [AE -'tuːʃn]1) amm. pol. istituzione f.she has become a national institution — scherz. è diventata un'istituzione nazionale
2) (home, hospital) istituto m.; (old people's home) casa f. di riposo, ospizio m.; (mental hospital) ospedale m. psichiatrico3) (establishment) (of rule, body, prize) istituzione f.institution of legal proceedings — dir. apertura di una procedura legale
4) AE (organization) istituto m.
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